Process information in OpenBSD

Question

I am new to OpenBSD. I have worked on Linux before. I am looking for the directory where I can find the information about the processes running currently. In Linux, we have /proc directory where the entire list is present. But I can not find a similar setup in OpenBSD 4.6. I know there are commands like ps, top and sysctl but I want to get that information through a C code.

Answer 1

procfs in the BSDs is either deprecated or removed altogether, sorry. That being said, it's also quite usual to have the sources for your system under /usr/src, so you can look at them if you really need to. Or you can just browse them on the web, eg http://bxr.su/o/bin/ps/ps.c

Answer 2

You can use sysctl to get the running processes in an array of kinfo_proc structures, this type is defined in:

/usr/include/sys/sysctl.h

The top command uses a function named getprocs that works this way, it's defined in:

/usr/src/usr.bin/top/machine.c

The next utility outputs information of all running processes using a slightly modified version of getprocs:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <kvm.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>

#define TRUE  1
#define FALSE 0

struct kinfo_proc * getprocs( int * count, int threads )
{
    struct kinfo_proc * procbase = NULL ;
    unsigned int maxslp ;
    size_t size = sizeof( maxslp ) ;
    int maxslp_mib[] = { CTL_VM, VM_MAXSLP } ;
    int mib[6] =
    {
        CTL_KERN,
        KERN_PROC,
        threads ? KERN_PROC_KTHREAD | KERN_PROC_SHOW_THREADS : KERN_PROC_KTHREAD,
        0,
        sizeof( struct kinfo_proc ),
        0
    } ;

    if( sysctl( maxslp_mib, 2, &maxslp, &size, NULL, 0 ) == -1 )
    {
        perror( "list" ) ;
        return NULL ;
    }

    retry:

    if( sysctl( mib, 6, NULL, &size, NULL, 0 ) == -1 )
    {
        perror( "list" ) ;
        return NULL ;
    }

    size = 5 * size / 4 ;           /* extra slop */
    procbase = (struct kinfo_proc *)malloc( size ) ;
    if( procbase == NULL )
    {
        perror( "list" ) ;
        return NULL ;
    }

    mib[5] = (int)( size / sizeof( struct kinfo_proc ) ) ;
    if( sysctl( mib, 6, procbase, &size, NULL, 0 ) )
    {
        if( errno == ENOMEM )
        {
            free( procbase ) ;
            goto retry;
        }
        perror( "list" ) ;
        return NULL ;
    }

    *count = (int)( size / sizeof( struct kinfo_proc ) ) ;
    return procbase ;
}

int showinfo( int threads )
{
    struct kinfo_proc * list, * proc ;
    int count, i ;
    if( ( list = getprocs( &count, threads ) ) == NULL )
    {
        return 1 ;
    }
    proc = list ;
    if( threads )
    {
        for( i = 0 ; i < count ; ++i, ++proc )
        {
            if( proc->p_tid != -1 )
            {
                printf( "%s: pid: %d (tid: %d)\n", proc->p_comm, proc->p_pid, proc->p_tid ) ;
            }
        }
    }
    else
    {
        for( i = 0 ; i < count ; ++i, ++proc )
        {
            printf( "%s: pid: %d\n", proc->p_comm, proc->p_pid ) ;
        }
    }
    return 0 ;
}

int main( int argc, char * argv[] )
{
    if( argc == 1 )
    {
        return showinfo( FALSE ) ;
    }
    else if( argc == 2 && ( !strcmp( argv[1], "-t" ) || !strcmp( argv[1], "--threads" ) ) )
    {
        return showinfo( TRUE ) ;
    }
    else
    {
        printf( "Usage:\n" ) ;
        printf( "      list [-h] [-t]\n\n" ) ;
        printf( "Options:\n" ) ;
        printf( "      -h, --help            Print this information\n" ) ;
        printf( "      -t, --threads         Show threads\n\n" ) ;
        return 0 ;
    }
}