I was pretty certain that this should work, but I can't see what the issue is that's causing the missing operand. The loop seems to be working fine, but for some reason the _num variable isn't incrementing as it should. It seems that set /a isn't working as expected here.
@echo off
cls
cd \
cd /d D:\
set /a _num1=1
set /a _num=1
:LOOP
if exist D:\%_num%.zip (
set /a "%_num%+=%_num1%"
goto LOOP
)
echo "%_num%.zip"
pause
exit
@echo on