I used this command to copy entire internal storage partition sda as sda.img (24.6 GB).
adb pull /dev/block/sda sda.img
Then I used OSFMount on Windows and mounted as read-only drive, but it shows
Location is not available
E:\ is not accessible.
The parameter is incorrect.
I opened it with 7-Zip and Winrar, but it shows that it can't be opened as archive.
These are the partitions located on my phone, I assumed sda is internal storage and the size of the img is around the same size of what I see in file managers (23.84 internal, 3.94 GB root).
0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 36 1970-01-06 10:24 bootdevice -> /dev/block/platform/soc/624000.ufshc
0 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1420 1970-01-06 10:24 by-name
0 brw------- 1 root root 7, 0 1970-01-06 10:24 loop0
0 brw------- 1 root root 7, 8 1970-01-06 10:24 loop1
0 brw------- 1 root root 7, 16 1970-01-06 10:24 loop2
0 brw------- 1 root root 7, 24 1970-01-06 10:24 loop3
0 brw------- 1 root root 7, 32 1970-01-06 10:24 loop4
0 brw------- 1 root root 7, 40 1970-01-06 10:24 loop5
0 brw------- 1 root root 7, 48 1970-01-06 10:24 loop6
0 brw------- 1 root root 7, 56 1970-01-06 10:24 loop7
0 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 60 1970-01-06 10:24 platform
0 brw------- 1 root root 1, 0 1970-01-06 10:24 ram0
0 brw------- 1 root root 1, 1 1970-01-06 10:24 ram1
0 brw------- 1 root root 1, 10 1970-01-06 10:24 ram10
0 brw------- 1 root root 1, 11 1970-01-06 10:24 ram11
0 brw------- 1 root root 1, 12 1970-01-06 10:24 ram12
0 brw------- 1 root root 1, 13 1970-01-06 10:24 ram13
0 brw------- 1 root root 1, 14 1970-01-06 10:24 ram14
0 brw------- 1 root root 1, 15 1970-01-06 10:24 ram15
0 brw------- 1 root root 1, 2 1970-01-06 10:24 ram2
0 brw------- 1 root root 1, 3 1970-01-06 10:24 ram3
0 brw------- 1 root root 1, 4 1970-01-06 10:24 ram4
0 brw------- 1 root root 1, 5 1970-01-06 10:24 ram5
0 brw------- 1 root root 1, 6 1970-01-06 10:24 ram6
0 brw------- 1 root root 1, 7 1970-01-06 10:24 ram7
0 brw------- 1 root root 1, 8 1970-01-06 10:24 ram8
0 brw------- 1 root root 1, 9 1970-01-06 10:24 ram9
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 0 1970-01-06 10:24 sda
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 1 1970-01-06 10:24 sda1
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 10 1970-01-06 10:24 sda10
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 2 1970-01-06 10:24 sda2
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 3 1970-01-06 10:24 sda3
0 brw-rw---- 1 system system 8, 4 1970-01-06 10:24 sda4
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 5 1970-01-06 10:24 sda5
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 6 1970-01-06 10:24 sda6
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 7 1970-01-06 10:24 sda7
0 brw------- 1 system system 8, 8 2021-08-30 00:55 sda8
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 9 1970-01-06 10:24 sda9
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 16 1970-01-06 10:24 sdb
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 17 1970-01-06 10:24 sdb1
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 32 1970-01-06 10:24 sdc
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 33 1970-01-06 10:24 sdc1
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 48 1970-01-06 10:24 sdd
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 49 1970-01-06 10:24 sdd1
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 50 1970-01-06 10:24 sdd2
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 51 1970-01-06 10:24 sdd3
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 64 1970-01-06 10:24 sde
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 65 1970-01-06 10:24 sde1
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 74 1970-01-06 10:24 sde10
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 75 1970-01-06 10:24 sde11
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 76 1970-01-06 10:24 sde12
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 77 1970-01-06 10:24 sde13
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 78 1970-01-06 10:24 sde14
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 79 1970-01-06 10:24 sde15
0 brw------- 1 root root 259, 0 1970-01-06 10:24 sde16
0 brw------- 1 root root 259, 1 1970-01-06 10:24 sde17
0 brw------- 1 root root 259, 2 1970-01-06 10:24 sde18
0 brw------- 1 root root 259, 3 1970-01-06 10:24 sde19
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 66 1970-01-06 10:24 sde2
0 brw------- 1 root root 259, 4 1970-01-06 10:24 sde20
0 brw-r----- 1 system system 259, 5 1970-01-06 10:24 sde21
0 brw------- 1 root root 259, 6 1970-01-06 10:24 sde22
0 brw------- 1 root root 259, 7 1970-01-06 10:24 sde23
0 brw------- 1 root root 259, 8 1970-01-06 10:24 sde24
0 brw------- 1 root root 259, 9 1970-01-06 10:24 sde25
0 brw------- 1 root root 259, 10 1970-01-06 10:24 sde26
0 brw------- 1 root root 259, 11 1970-01-06 10:24 sde27
0 brw------- 1 root root 259, 12 1970-01-06 10:24 sde28
0 brw------- 1 root root 259, 13 1970-01-06 10:24 sde29
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 67 1970-01-06 10:24 sde3
0 brw------- 1 root root 259, 14 1970-01-06 10:24 sde30
0 brw------- 1 root root 259, 15 1970-01-06 10:24 sde31
0 brw------- 1 root root 259, 16 1970-01-06 10:24 sde32
0 brw------- 1 root root 259, 17 1970-01-06 10:24 sde33
0 brw------- 1 root root 259, 18 1970-01-06 10:24 sde34
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 68 1970-01-06 10:24 sde4
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 69 1970-01-06 10:24 sde5
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 70 1970-01-06 10:24 sde6
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 71 1970-01-06 10:24 sde7
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 72 1970-01-06 10:24 sde8
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 73 1970-01-06 10:24 sde9
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 80 1970-01-06 10:24 sdf
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 81 2021-08-30 09:48 sdf1
0 brw-rw---- 1 system system 8, 90 1970-01-06 10:24 sdf10
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 91 1970-01-06 10:24 sdf11
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 92 1970-01-06 10:24 sdf12
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 93 1970-01-06 10:24 sdf13
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 94 1970-01-06 10:24 sdf14
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 82 1970-01-06 10:24 sdf2
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 83 2021-08-30 09:44 sdf3
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 84 1970-01-06 10:24 sdf4
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 85 1970-01-06 10:24 sdf5
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 86 1970-01-06 10:24 sdf6
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 87 1970-01-06 10:24 sdf7
0 brw------- 1 root root 8, 88 1970-01-06 10:24 sdf8
0 brw-rw---- 1 system system 8, 89 1970-01-06 10:24 sdf9
0 drwx------ 2 root root 40 1970-01-06 10:24 vold
0 brw------- 1 root root 254, 0 2021-08-30 00:55 zram0
How can I recover this internal storage partition and mount it to use for example Recuva or Active@ Undelete on Windows to recover deleted files?
Your partition image runs with a Unix like filesystem, something like ext3 or ext4. You could mount the image under linux.
Using only windows, you should download testdisk and instruct it to open the file. From there, you should be able to search for a valid filesystem then browse the content, unless your sda isn't the root, which given the size, should be.