I run my app with the "play icon"
Android studio will then give me the message: Connected to the target VM, address: 'localhost:8601', transport: 'socket'
My issue is that now my app is no longer running and even though the debugger is connected, I am unable to debug as the app is not running.
Add the next line where you wish the debugger to pause, it will make your environment to wait until the debugger attaches:
Place a breakpoint after it at the point where you would like to start to debug. I emphasize, the breakpoint must be at any point "after" such instruction.
Logically, is assumed that you are executing a debug build variant, otherwise the debugger will never attach.