Program reading /proc/stat files via read(like cat) or via fread (like nl) return different values. read() /proc/stat return right result, while fread() return wrong result.
I had write simple C programs that just read or fread /proc/stat. read() return right values, like cat /proc/stat. fread() return wrong values,like nl /proc/stat.
I execut "top" command in my Centos7 system and then press "1" to show every cpu's detail information, it only show cpu0's information, while my system have 8 cpu cores. further more, the cpu0's information is wrong.
So I read the source code of top command, found out that it user fread() to get cpu info from /proc/stat.I change the file reading interface from glibc fread() function to read(), and it works well.
I use fread() to retrieve other file in /proc,like /proc/meminfo, it works well too.
- fread() to get info from /proc/stat（command 'nl' use fread() to read content in a file）
[root@pro_app_server workspace]# nl /proc/stat
1 cpu 0 0 3375 498153 97 0 10 0 0 0
2 cpu0 0 0 1699 249246 71 0 6 0 0 0
3 intr 0 28 0 0 0 378 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 4129 0 124 1 0 1251 0 3 0 6879 6680 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 ctxt 543672
5 btime 1544675938
6 processes 2774
7 procs_running 4
8 procs_blocked 0
9 softirq 188202 0 129718 1 457 0 0 1 35688 0 22337cpu 0 0 3375 498153 97 0 10 0 0 0
10 cpu0 0 0 1699 249246 71 0 6 0 0 0
11 intr 0 28 0 0 0 378 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 4129 0 124 1 0 1251 0 3 0 6879 6680 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12 ctxt 543672
13 btime 1544675938
14 processes 2774
15 procs_running 4
16 procs_blocked 0
17 softirq 188202 0 129718 1 457 0 0 1 35688 0 22337cpu 0 0 3375 498153 97 0 10 0 0 0
18 cpu0 0 0 1699 249246 71 0 6 0 0 0
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20 ctxt 543672
21 btime 1544675938
22 processes 2774
23 procs_running 4
24 procs_blocked 0
25 softirq 188202 0 129718 1 457 0 0 1 35688 0 22337cpu 0 0 3375 498153 97 0 10 0 0 0
26 cpu0 0 0 1699 249246 71 0 6 0 0 0
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28 ctxt 543672
29 btime 1544675938
30 processes 2774
31 procs_running 4
32 procs_blocked 0
33 softirq 188202 0 129718 1 457 0 0 1 35688 0 22337cpu 0 0 3375 498153 97 0 10 0 0 0
34 cpu0 0 0 1699 249246 71 0 6 0 0 0
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36 ctxt 543672
37 btime 1544675938
38 processes 2774
39 procs_running 4
40 procs_blocked 0
41 softirq 188202 0 129718 1 457 0 0 1 35688 0 22337cpu 0 0 3375 498153 97 0 10 0 0 0
42 cpu0 0 0 1699 249246 71 0 6 0 0 0
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44 ctxt 543672
45 btime 1544675938
46 processes 2774
47 procs_running 4
48 procs_blocked 0
49 softirq 188202 0 129718 1 457 0 0 1 35688 0 22337cpu 0 0 3375 498153 97 0 10 0 0 0
50 cpu0 0 0 1699 249246 71 0 6 0 0 0
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52 ctxt 543672
53 btime 1544675938
54 processes 2774
55 procs_running 4
56 procs_blocked 0
57 softirq 188202 0 129718 1 457 0 0 1 35688 0 22337cpu 0 0 3375 498153 97 0 10 0 0 0
58 cpu0 0 0 1699 249246 71 0 6 0 0 0
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60 ctxt 543672
61 btime 1544675938
62 processes 2774
63 procs_running 4
64 procs_blocked 0
65 softirq 188202 0 129718 1 457 0 0 1 35688 0 22337cpu 0 0 3375 498153 97 0 10 0 0 0
66 cpu0 0 0 1699 249246 71 0 6 0 0 0
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71 procs_running 4
72 procs_blocked 0
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74 cpu0 0 0 1699 249246 71 0 6 0 0 0
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96 procs_blocked 0
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113 softirq 188202 0 129718 1 457 0 0 1 35688 0 22337cpu 0 0 3375 498153 97 0 10 0 0 0
114 cpu0 0 0 1699 249246 71 0 6 0 0 0
115 intr 0 28 0 0 0 378 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 4129 0 124 1 0 1251 0 3 0 6879 6680 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
116 ctxt 543672
117 btime 1544675938
118 processes 2774
119 procs_running 4
120 procs_blocked 0
121 softirq 188202 0 129718 1 457 0 0 1 35688 0 22337cpu 0 0 3375 498153 97 0 10 0 0 0
122 cpu0 0 0 1699 249246 71 0 6 0 0 0
123 intr 0 28 0 0 0 378 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 4129 0 124 1 0 1251 0 3 0 6879 6680 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
124 ctxt 543672
125 btime 1544675938
126 processes 2774
127 procs_running 4
128 procs_blocked 0
129 softirq 188202 0 129718 1 457 0 0 1 35688 0 22337
[root@pro_app_server workspace]#
- read() to get info from /proc/stat（command 'cat' use read() to read content in a file）
[root@pro_app_server workspace]# cat -n /proc/stat
1 cpu 2058017 66 399693 188962556 16705 0 18516 5046 0 0
2 cpu0 192984 3 47418 23679955 1327 0 3599 658 0 0
3 cpu1 360654 16 59590 23478307 3861 0 2961 850 0 0
4 cpu2 322760 24 53901 23533358 3234 0 2684 736 0 0
5 cpu3 271322 4 52696 23600674 2217 0 2168 660 0 0
6 cpu4 246241 13 48638 23643590 1678 0 1918 557 0 0
7 cpu5 236649 2 46872 23660881 1362 0 1772 553 0 0
8 cpu6 208005 2 45099 23691054 1219 0 1718 484 0 0
9 cpu7 219399 1 45476 23674734 1804 0 1694 545 0 0
10 intr 731124153 637 15753 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 34 44262 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 74547 0 0 358100 16030715 243 0 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11 ctxt 698139400
12 btime 1559549547
13 processes 1436019
14 procs_running 2
15 procs_blocked 0
16 softirq 240304636 1 96899354 179 55128202 0 0 6370 22706849 0 65563681
[root@pro_app_server workspace]#
user read() and fread() to retrieve other file under /proc, it seems normal
My C program with read()
[root@pro_app_server workspace]# cat readstat.c -n
1 #include <stdio.h>
2 #include <stdlib.h>
3 #include <sys/types.h>
4 #include <sys/stat.h>
5 #include <fcntl.h>
6
7 #define BUF_INC_SIZE 1024
8
9 int main()
10 {
11 int fd = 0;
12 FILE *file = NULL;
13 char *buf =NULL;
14 size_t buf_size = 0, tot_read = 0, sgl_read = 0;
15
16 fd = open("/proc/stat", O_RDONLY);
17 if(fd < 0)
18 perror("read /proc/stat fail!");
19
20 buf = malloc(BUF_INC_SIZE);
21 if(!buf)
22 perror("malloc fail!");
23 buf_size += BUF_INC_SIZE;
24
25 while(-1 != (sgl_read = read(fd, buf + tot_read, buf_size - tot_read)))
26 {
27 tot_read += sgl_read;
28 if(tot_read < buf_size)
29 break;
30
31 buf = realloc(buf, (buf_size += BUF_INC_SIZE));
32 }
33
34 free(buf);
35 close(fd);
36 return 0;
37 }
[root@pro_app_server workspace]#
- My C program with fread()
[root@pro_app_server workspace]# cat freadstat.c -n
1 #include <stdio.h>
2 #include <stdlib.h>
3
4 #define BUF_INC_SIZE 1024
5
6 int main()
7 {
8 FILE *file = NULL;
9 char *buf =NULL;
10 size_t buf_size = 0, tot_read = 0, sgl_read = 0;
11
12 file = fopen("/proc/stat", "r+");
13 if(!file)
14 perror("read /proc/stat fail!");
15
16 buf = malloc(BUF_INC_SIZE);
17 if(!buf)
18 perror("malloc fail!");
19
20 buf_size += BUF_INC_SIZE;
21
22 while(0 < (sgl_read = fread(buf + tot_read, 1, buf_size - tot_read, file)))
23 {
24 tot_read += sgl_read;
25 if(tot_read < buf_size)
26 break;
27
28 buf = realloc(buf, (buf_size += BUF_INC_SIZE));
29 }
30
31 free(buf);
32 fclose(file);
33 return 0;
34 }
[root@pro_app_server workspace]#
As the adviser of aschepler, I strace my C program. :
6、strace info of read() /proc/stat (part of result):
[root@pro_app_server workspace]# strace ./readstat
execve("./readstat", ["./readstat"], [/* 23 vars */]) = 0
brk(0) = 0xcfb000
.
.
.
.
open("/proc/stat", O_RDONLY) = 3
read(3, "cpu 2275345 66 527271 203616681"..., 1024) = 1024
read(3, "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 "..., 1024) = 602
close(3) = 0
exit_group(0) = ?
+++ exited with 0 +++
[root@pro_app_server workspace]#
7、strace info of fread() /proc/stat (part of result)
[root@pro_app_server workspace]# strace ./freadstat
execve("./freadstat", ["./freadstat"], [/* 23 vars */]) = 0
brk(0) = 0xdeb000
.
.
.
open("/tmp/tmpfeQoAKy", O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0600) = 3
unlink("/tmp/tmpfeQoAKy") = 0
fcntl(3, F_GETFL) = 0x8002 (flags O_RDWR|O_LARGEFILE)
open("/proc/stat", O_RDONLY) = 4
fstat(4, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0444, st_size=0, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f7692850000
read(4, "cpu 2277177 66 528841 203745262"..., 1024) = 1024
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0600, st_size=0, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f769284f000
write(3, "cpu 0 0 3375 498153 97 0 10 0 0"..., 4096) = 4096
write(3, " 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0"..., 4096) = 4096
read(4, "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 "..., 1024) = 602
write(3, " 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0"..., 4096) = 4096
write(3, " 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0"..., 4096) = 4096
read(4, "", 1024) = 0
close(4) = 0
munmap(0x7f7692850000, 4096) = 0
write(3, "5938\nprocesses 2774\nprocs_runnin"..., 1200) = 1200
lseek(3, 0, SEEK_SET) = 0
read(3, "cpu 0 0 3375 498153 97 0 10 0 0"..., 4096) = 4096
read(3, " 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0"..., 4096) = 4096
read(3, " 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0"..., 4096) = 4096
read(3, " 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0"..., 4096) = 4096
read(3, "5938\nprocesses 2774\nprocs_runnin"..., 4096) = 1200
read(3, "", 4096) = 0
close(3) = 0
munmap(0x7f769284f000, 4096) = 0
exit_group(0) = ?
+++ exited with 0 +++
[root@pro_app_server workspace]#