Special euro characters

Question

I have a string that seems to contain a special € character :

my_str                                   # [1] "0€ de frais de courtage"
my_str == "0€ de frais de courtage"      # [1] FALSE
gsub("€","X",my_str)                     # [1] "0€ de frais de courtage"
gsub("€","X","0€ de frais de courtage")  # [1] "0X de frais de courtage"

I would like to replace it by the standard € character i.e. the one I can type with Alt-gr + E.

These strings come from file names I got with list.files

How can I do this ?

EDIT:

utf8ToInt(my_str)
# [1]   48 8364   32  100  101   32  102  114   97  105  115   32  100  101   32   99  111  117  114  116   97  103  101
utf8ToInt(stringi::stri_enc_toutf8("0€ de frais de courtage"))
# [1]  48 128  32 100 101  32 102 114  97 105 115  32 100 101  32  99 111 117 114 116  97 103 101

Answer 1

The strings appear identical but the € character is different.

In my EDIT at the bottom of the post we see that the code for the regular € is 128 while the code for the troublesome € is 8364.

and sure enough:

gsub(intToUtf8(8364),"X",my_str)  # [1] "0X de frais de courtage"

So the solution I was looking for is:

gsub(intToUtf8(8364),"€",my_str)

It replaces the "wrong" € character with a "regular" 128 azerty alt gr + E € symbol.