JDEPS Module Not Found Exception when listing dependancies

Question

I have been working with JLink to create minimal JRE for various Spring Boot applications. I have successfully done this manually by figuring out the required Modules via trial and error. After successfully doing this I have been attempting to automate this process using JDeps.

First attempt was to scan the built Jar for my application. I am using Java 14 jdeps to analyze a Java 11 codebase.

jdeps --class-path BOOT-INF/classes --module-path BOOT-INF/lib/,${JAVA_HOME}/jmods --add-modules=ALL-MODULE-PATH --list-deps target/camel-account-sapi-0.0.2-SNAPSHOT.jar

Which results in several not found dependencies.

Error: Missing dependencies: classes not found from the module path and classpath.
To suppress this error, use --ignore-missing-deps to continue.

camel-account-sapi-0.0.2-SNAPSHOT.jar
   com.ms3.camelaccountsapi.CamelAccountSapiApplication -> org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication         not found
   com.ms3.camelaccountsapi.CamelAccountSapiApplication -> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication not found
   com.ms3.camelaccountsapi.CamelAccountSapiApplication -> org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext not found
   com.ms3.camelaccountsapi.routes.GeneratedRoutesInterface -> org.apache.camel.builder.RouteBuilder              not found
   com.ms3.camelaccountsapi.routes.GeneratedRoutesInterface -> org.apache.camel.model.rest.RestDefinition         not found
   com.ms3.camelaccountsapi.routes.GeneratedRoutesInterface -> org.apache.camel.model.rest.RestOperationParamDefinition not found
   com.ms3.camelaccountsapi.routes.GeneratedRoutesInterface -> org.apache.camel.model.rest.RestParamType          not found
   com.ms3.camelaccountsapi.routes.GeneratedRoutesInterface -> org.springframework.stereotype.Component           not found
   com.ms3.camelaccountsapi.routes.RoutesImplementation -> com.datasonnet.document.MediaTypes                 not found
   com.ms3.camelaccountsapi.routes.RoutesImplementation -> org.apache.camel.Exchange                          not found
   com.ms3.camelaccountsapi.routes.RoutesImplementation -> org.apache.camel.Expression                        not found
   com.ms3.camelaccountsapi.routes.RoutesImplementation -> org.apache.camel.LoggingLevel                      not found
   com.ms3.camelaccountsapi.routes.RoutesImplementation -> org.apache.camel.Predicate                         not found
   com.ms3.camelaccountsapi.routes.RoutesImplementation -> org.apache.camel.builder.DatasonnetBuilder         not found
   com.ms3.camelaccountsapi.routes.RoutesImplementation -> org.apache.camel.builder.RouteBuilder              not found
   com.ms3.camelaccountsapi.routes.RoutesImplementation -> org.apache.camel.builder.SimpleBuilder             not found
   com.ms3.camelaccountsapi.routes.RoutesImplementation -> org.apache.camel.builder.ValueBuilder              not found
   com.ms3.camelaccountsapi.routes.RoutesImplementation -> org.apache.camel.model.ChoiceDefinition            not found
   com.ms3.camelaccountsapi.routes.RoutesImplementation -> org.apache.camel.model.OnExceptionDefinition       not found
   com.ms3.camelaccountsapi.routes.RoutesImplementation -> org.apache.camel.model.ProcessorDefinition         not found
   com.ms3.camelaccountsapi.routes.RoutesImplementation -> org.apache.camel.model.RouteDefinition             not found
   com.ms3.camelaccountsapi.routes.RoutesImplementation -> org.slf4j.Logger                                   not found
   com.ms3.camelaccountsapi.routes.RoutesImplementation -> org.slf4j.LoggerFactory                            not found
   com.ms3.camelaccountsapi.routes.RoutesImplementation -> org.springframework.stereotype.Component           not found
   org.springframework.boot.loader.PropertiesLauncher -> org.springframework.util.Assert                    not found
   org.springframework.boot.loader.jarmode.JarModeLauncher -> org.springframework.core.io.support.SpringFactoriesLoader not found
   org.springframework.boot.loader.jarmode.JarModeLauncher -> org.springframework.util.ClassUtils                not found

Adding --ignore-missing-deps results in something more meaning full but incomplete:

java.base
java.logging

Next I extracted the applications using java -Djarmode=layertools -jar ./target/camel-account-sapi-0.0.2-SNAPSHOT.jar extract

This gives me the BOOT-INF/lib folder containing all 150 of the JAR dependancies. So I attempted to run a similar JDeps command as before with a few extra options: jdeps --module-path temp/BOOT-INF/lib/,${JAVA_HOME}/jmods --add-modules=ALL-MODULE-PATH --multi-release 11 --list-deps --ignore-missing-deps --recursive --compile-time temp/BOOT-INF/lib/*

This however results in an Exception

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.module.FindException: Module java.annotation not found, required by org.apache.tomcat.embed.core
    at java.base/java.lang.module.Resolver.findFail(Resolver.java:894)
    at java.base/java.lang.module.Resolver.resolve(Resolver.java:191)
    at java.base/java.lang.module.Resolver.resolve(Resolver.java:140)
    at java.base/java.lang.module.Configuration.resolve(Configuration.java:422)
    at java.base/java.lang.module.Configuration.resolve(Configuration.java:256)
    at jdk.jdeps/com.sun.tools.jdeps.JdepsConfiguration$Builder.build(JdepsConfiguration.java:564)
    at jdk.jdeps/com.sun.tools.jdeps.JdepsTask.buildConfig(JdepsTask.java:603)
    at jdk.jdeps/com.sun.tools.jdeps.JdepsTask.run(JdepsTask.java:557)
    at jdk.jdeps/com.sun.tools.jdeps.JdepsTask.run(JdepsTask.java:533)
    at jdk.jdeps/com.sun.tools.jdeps.Main.main(Main.java:49)

I noticed that some of the JARs in the /lib folder could successfully be analyzed so I wrote a Bash script to run the same command on each of the /lib jars while ignoring exceptions. 15 of the 150 fail to be analyzed due to Module not found however the resulting list of required Modules from the other 135 is quite close. It is only missing one required Module jdk.crypto.ec and found all others:

java.sql,java.security.jgss,java.logging,java.xml,java.compiler,jdk.unsupported,java.transaction.xa,java.rmi,java.management,java.instrument,java.naming,java.base,java.datatransfer,jdk.httpserver,java.scripting,java.desktop,java.prefs

Am I going in the wrong direction? Or what could/should be done to resolved these missing Module issues? I believe, for example that the "Missing" module above java.annotation may exist in one of the other JARs? I believe this to be the case even more so due to a few of the other 15 failed jdeps commands.

temp/BOOT-INF/lib/tomcat-embed-core-9.0.38.jar
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.module.FindException: Module java.annotation not found, required by org.apache.tomcat.embed.core
    at java.base/java.lang.module.Resolver.findFail(Resolver.java:894)
    at java.base/java.lang.module.Resolver.resolve(Resolver.java:191)
    at java.base/java.lang.module.Resolver.resolve(Resolver.java:140)
    at java.base/java.lang.module.Configuration.resolve(Configuration.java:422)
    at java.base/java.lang.module.Configuration.resolve(Configuration.java:256)
    at jdk.jdeps/com.sun.tools.jdeps.JdepsConfiguration$Builder.build(JdepsConfiguration.java:564)
    at jdk.jdeps/com.sun.tools.jdeps.JdepsTask.buildConfig(JdepsTask.java:603)
    at jdk.jdeps/com.sun.tools.jdeps.JdepsTask.run(JdepsTask.java:557)
    at jdk.jdeps/com.sun.tools.jdeps.JdepsTask.run(JdepsTask.java:533)
    at jdk.jdeps/com.sun.tools.jdeps.Main.main(Main.java:49)
error
temp/BOOT-INF/lib/tomcat-embed-websocket-9.0.38.jar
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.module.FindException: Module org.apache.tomcat.embed.core not found, required by org.apache.tomcat.embed.websocket
    at java.base/java.lang.module.Resolver.findFail(Resolver.java:894)
    at java.base/java.lang.module.Resolver.resolve(Resolver.java:191)
    at java.base/java.lang.module.Resolver.resolve(Resolver.java:140)
    at java.base/java.lang.module.Configuration.resolve(Configuration.java:422)
    at java.base/java.lang.module.Configuration.resolve(Configuration.java:256)
    at jdk.jdeps/com.sun.tools.jdeps.JdepsConfiguration$Builder.build(JdepsConfiguration.java:564)
    at jdk.jdeps/com.sun.tools.jdeps.JdepsTask.buildConfig(JdepsTask.java:603)
    at jdk.jdeps/com.sun.tools.jdeps.JdepsTask.run(JdepsTask.java:557)
    at jdk.jdeps/com.sun.tools.jdeps.JdepsTask.run(JdepsTask.java:533)
    at jdk.jdeps/com.sun.tools.jdeps.Main.main(Main.java:49)
error

Answer 1

I'm working through a very similar issue right now. It looks like between tomcat embed 9.0.37 and 9.0.38 explicit module-info's were defined. The names of modules changed compared to automatic modules.

• java.annotation module is the name exported from the annotations-api.jar. I have no idea why it uses that name. I'm sure there is a reason, I just don't understand it.
• org.apache.tomcat.embed.jasper.el changed to org.apache.tomcat.embed.el

I'm not sure how far that's going to get you, but it's perhaps a start.