This is how I usually create a link with data.
= link_to 'link name', link_path, data: { day: '1' }
but now I need the "1" to be replaced with a rails variable like this.
= link_to 'link name', link_path, data: { day: '#{customer.info}' }
but It doesn't work and I'm not sure how to go about it.
If you are already in a Ruby context, just use the variable.
What your existing code is doing is passing a string with ruby code inside. The code will not be evaluated because wrapped by single quotes.
In order to use interpolation, you must use double quotes.
However, as I mentioned at the begin of the answer, you don't need to interpolate the value since here.