I have VS 2008, 2010, and 2012 installed.
Initially, VS2013 Team Explorer was installed (Shell only). I uninstalled that.
Now, the Visual Studio Version Selector shows an empty list when executing a .sln file. Nothing shows.
How can I repopulate this list? Where is it stored? Registry? I tried to find entries, but since it doesn't actually have any items in the list, I couldn't search for a specific string.
I just ran into a similar problem where this dialog started popping up after a recent Windows Update (Win10) on 1/6/2018. That update caused all sorts of havoc in terms of broken file associations.
I tried searching for solutions and trying a few things but everything was overly complicated and messy.
My solution was to run the Visual Studio (2013) repair.
After the repair, I did receive a warning (from vs installer) about update 3 failing to update but I restarted the computer and sln files can now open without needing that version dialog. Everything seems to be compiling and running fine as well.