Get selected value in dropdown list using JavaScript

Question

How do I get the selected value from a dropdown list using JavaScript?

<form>
  <select id="ddlViewBy">
    <option value="1">test1</option>
    <option value="2" selected="selected">test2</option>
    <option value="3">test3</option>
  </select>
</form>

Answer 1

Given a select element that looks like this:

<select id="ddlViewBy">
  <option value="1">test1</option>
  <option value="2" selected="selected">test2</option>
  <option value="3">test3</option>
</select>

Running this code:

var e = document.getElementById("ddlViewBy");
var value = e.value;
var text = e.options[e.selectedIndex].text;

Results in:

value == 2
text == "test2"

---

Interactive example:

var e = document.getElementById("ddlViewBy");
function onChange() {
  var value = e.value;
  var text = e.options[e.selectedIndex].text;
  console.log(value, text);
}
e.onchange = onChange;
onChange();

<form>
  <select id="ddlViewBy">
    <option value="1">test1</option>
    <option value="2" selected="selected">test2</option>
    <option value="3">test3</option>
  </select>
</form>

Answer 2

<select name="test" id="test" >
    <option value="1" full-name="Apple">A</option>
    <option value="2" full-name="Ball">B</option>
    <option value="3" full-name="Cat" selected>C</option>
</select>

var obj  = document.getElementById('test');
obj.options[obj.selectedIndex].value;  //3
obj.options[obj.selectedIndex].text;   //C
obj.options[obj.selectedIndex].getAttribute('full-name'); //Cat
obj.options[obj.selectedIndex].selected; //true

Answer 3

Most answers here get the value of the "this" select menu onchange by a plain text JavaScript selector.

For example:

document.getElementById("ddlViewBy").value;

This is not a DRY approach.

DRY (three lines of code):

function handleChange(e) {
  let innerText = e.target[e.target.options.selectedIndex].innerText;
  let value = e.target.value;
  /* Do something with these values */
}

Get the first select option:

console.log(e.target[0]); /* Output: <option value="value_hello">Hello innerText</option>*/

With this idea in mind, we dynamically return a "this" select option item (by selectedIndex):

e.target[e.target.options.selectedIndex].innerText;

Demo

let log = document.getElementById('log');

function handleChange(e) {
  let innerText = e.target[e.target.options.selectedIndex].innerText;
  let value = e.target.value;

  log.innerHTML = `<table>
    <tr><th>value</th><th>innerText</th></tr>
    <tr><td>${value}</td><td>${innerText}</td></tr>
  </table>`;
}

<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/milligram/1.4.1/milligram.css">

<select id="greet" onchange="handleChange(event)">
  <option value="value_hello">Hello innerText</option>
  <option value="value_goodbye">Goodbye innerText</option>
  <option value="value_seeYou">See you... innerText</option>
</select>

<select id="other_select_menu" onchange="handleChange(event)">
  <option value="value_paris">Paris innerText</option>
  <option value="value_ny">New York innerText</option>
</select>

<div id="log"></div>

Answer 4

event.target.value inside the onChange callback did the trick for me.

Answer 5

I think you can attach an event listener to the select tag itself e.g:

<script>
  document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", (_) => {
    document.querySelector("select").addEventListener("change", (e) => {
      console.log(e.target.value);
    });
  });
</script>

In this scenario, you should make sure you have a value attribute for all of your options, and they are not null.

Answer 6

To go along with the previous answers, this is how I do it as a one-liner. This is for getting the actual text of the selected option. There are good examples for getting the index number already. (And for the text, I just wanted to show this way)

let selText = document.getElementById('elementId').options[document.getElementById('elementId').selectedIndex].text

In some rare instances you may need to use parentheses, but this would be very rare.

let selText = (document.getElementById('elementId')).options[(document.getElementById('elementId')).selectedIndex].text;

I doubt this processes any faster than the two line version. I simply like to consolidate my code as much as possible.

Unfortunately this still fetches the element twice, which is not ideal. A method that only grabs the element once would be more useful, but I have not figured that out yet, in regards to doing this with one line of code.

Answer 7

The simplest way to do this is:

var value = document.getElementById("selectId").value;

Answer 8

The previous answers still leave room for improvement because of the possibilities, the intuitiveness of the code, and the use of id versus name. One can get a read-out of three data of a selected option -- its index number, its value and its text. This simple, cross-browser code does all three:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>Demo GetSelectOptionData</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form name="demoForm">
        <select name="demoSelect" onchange="showData()">
            <option value="zilch">Select:</option>
            <option value="A">Option 1</option>
            <option value="B">Option 2</option>
            <option value="C">Option 3</option>
        </select>
    </form>

    <p id="firstP">&nbsp;</p>
    <p id="secondP">&nbsp;</p>
    <p id="thirdP">&nbsp;</p>

    <script>
        function showData() {
            var theSelect = demoForm.demoSelect;
            var firstP = document.getElementById('firstP');
            var secondP = document.getElementById('secondP');
            var thirdP = document.getElementById('thirdP');
            firstP.innerHTML = ('This option\'s index number is: ' + theSelect.selectedIndex + ' (Javascript index numbers start at 0)');
            secondP.innerHTML = ('Its value is: ' + theSelect[theSelect.selectedIndex].value);
            thirdP.innerHTML = ('Its text is: ' + theSelect[theSelect.selectedIndex].text);
        }
    </script>
</body>
</html>

Live demo: http://jsbin.com/jiwena/1/edit?html,output .

id should be used for make-up purposes. For functional form purposes, name is still valid, also in HTML5, and should still be used. Lastly, mind the use of square versus round brackets in certain places. As was explained before, only (older versions of) Internet Explorer will accept round ones in all places.

Answer 9

Running example of how it works:

var e = document.getElementById("ddlViewBy");
var val1 = e.options[e.selectedIndex].value;
var txt = e.options[e.selectedIndex].text;

document.write("<br />Selected option Value: "+ val1);
document.write("<br />Selected option Text: "+ txt);

<select id="ddlViewBy">
  <option value="1">test1</option>
  <option value="2">test2</option>
  <option value="3"  selected="selected">test3</option>
</select>

Note: The values don't change as the dropdown is changed, if you require that functionality then an onClick change is to be implemented.

Answer 10

Try

ddlViewBy.value                      // value

ddlViewBy.selectedOptions[0].text    // label

console.log( ddlViewBy.value );

console.log( ddlViewBy.selectedOptions[0].text );

<select id="ddlViewBy">
  <option value="1">Happy</option>
  <option value="2">Tree</option>
  <option value="3"  selected="selected">Friends</option>
</select>

Answer 11

You can use querySelector.

E.g.

var myElement = document.getElementById('ddlViewBy');

var myValue = myElement.querySelector('[selected]').value;

Answer 12

var selectedValue = document.getElementById("ddlViewBy").value;

Answer 13

Just do: document.getElementById('idselect').options.selectedIndex

Then you’ll get the select index value, starting at 0.

Answer 14

Beginners are likely to want to access values from a select with the NAME attribute rather than ID attribute. We know all form elements need names, even before they get ids.

So, I'm adding the getElementsByName() solution just for new developers to see too.

NB. names for form elements will need to be unique for your form to be usable once posted, but the DOM can allow a name be shared by more than one element. For that reason consider adding IDs to forms if you can, or be explicit with form element names my_nth_select_named_x and my_nth_text_input_named_y.

Example using getElementsByName:

var e = document.getElementsByName("my_select_with_name_ddlViewBy")[0];
var strUser = e.options[e.selectedIndex].value;

Answer 15

Plain JavaScript:

var e = document.getElementById("elementId");
var value = e.options[e.selectedIndex].value;
var text = e.options[e.selectedIndex].text;

jQuery:

$("#elementId :selected").text(); // The text content of the selected option
$("#elementId").val(); // The value of the selected option

AngularJS: (http://jsfiddle.net/qk5wwyct):

// HTML
<select ng-model="selectItem" ng-options="item as item.text for item in items">
</select>
<p>Text: {{selectItem.text}}</p>
<p>Value: {{selectItem.value}}</p>

// JavaScript
$scope.items = [{
  value: 'item_1_id',
  text: 'Item 1'
}, {
  value: 'item_2_id',
  text: 'Item 2'
}];

Answer 16

In more modern browsers, querySelector allows us to retrieve the selected option in one statement, using the :checked pseudo-class. From the selected option, we can gather whatever information we need:

const opt = document.querySelector('#ddlViewBy option:checked');
// opt is now the selected option, so
console.log(opt.value, 'is the selected value');
console.log(opt.text, "is the selected option's text");

<select id="ddlViewBy">
  <option value="1">test1</option>
  <option value="2" selected="selected">test2</option>
  <option value="3">test3</option>
</select>

Answer 17

Here is a JavaScript code line:

var x = document.form1.list.value;

Assuming that the dropdown menu named list name="list" and included in a form with name attribute name="form1".

Answer 18

Just use

• $('#SelectBoxId option:selected').text(); for getting the text as listed

• $('#SelectBoxId').val(); for getting the selected index value

Answer 19

I'm not sure if I totally understand your question, but this worked for me:

Use an onchange() event in your HTML, for example.

<select id="numberToSelect" onchange="selectNum()">
    <option value="1">One</option>
    <option value="2">Two</option>
    <option value="3">Three</option>
</select>

JavaScript

function selectNum() {
    var strUser = document.getElementById("numberToSelect").value;
}

This will give you whatever value is on the select dropdown per click.

Answer 20

Another solution is:

document.getElementById('elementId').selectedOptions[0].value

Answer 21

There are two ways to get this done either using JavaScript or jQuery.

JavaScript:

var getValue = document.getElementById('ddlViewBy').selectedOptions[0].value;

alert (getValue); // This will output the value selected.

OR

var ddlViewBy = document.getElementById('ddlViewBy');

var value = ddlViewBy.options[ddlViewBy.selectedIndex].value;

var text = ddlViewBy.options[ddlViewBy.selectedIndex].text;

alert (value); // This will output the value selected

alert (text); // This will output the text of the value selected

jQuery:

$("#ddlViewBy:selected").text(); // Text of the selected value

$("#ddlViewBy").val(); // Outputs the value of the ID in 'ddlViewBy'

Answer 22

The following code exhibits various examples related to getting/putting of values from input/select fields using JavaScript.

Source Link

Working Javascript & jQuery Demo

 <select id="Ultra" onchange="run()">  <!--Call run() function-->
     <option value="0">Select</option>
     <option value="8">text1</option>
     <option value="5">text2</option>
     <option value="4">text3</option>
</select><br><br>
TextBox1<br>
<input type="text" id="srt" placeholder="get value on option select"><br>
TextBox2<br>
<input type="text" id="rtt"  placeholder="Write Something !" onkeyup="up()">

The following script is getting the value of the selected option and putting it in text box 1

<script>
    function run() {
        document.getElementById("srt").value = document.getElementById("Ultra").value;
    }
</script>

The following script is getting a value from a text box 2 and alerting with its value

<script>
    function up() {
        //if (document.getElementById("srt").value != "") {
            var dop = document.getElementById("srt").value;
        //}
        alert(dop);
    }
</script>

The following script is calling a function from a function

<script>
    function up() {
        var dop = document.getElementById("srt").value;
        pop(dop); // Calling function pop
    }

    function pop(val) {
        alert(val);
    }?
</script>

Answer 23

There is a workaround, using the EasyUI framework with all of its plugins.

You only need to add some EasyUI object that can read from an input as a "bridge" to the drop-down menu.

Example: easyui-searchbox

To the left, the drop-down, to the right, the easyui-searchbox:

...
<input id="ss" class="easyui-searchbox" style="width:300px"
        data-options="  searcher:my_function,
                        prompt:'Enter value',
                        menu:'#mm'">
<div id="mm" style="width:200px">
    <div data-options="name:'1'">test1</div>
    <div data-options="name:'2'">test2</div>
</div>
...

...
<script type="text/javascript">
    function my_js_function(triggeredByButton = false){
        // normal text of the searchbox (what you entered)
        var value = $("#ss").searchbox("getValue");
        // what you chose from the drop-down menu
        var name = $("#ss").searchbox("getName");
...

Mind: the var name is the '1' or '2', that is, the "value of the drop-down", while var value is the value that was entered in the easyui-searchbox instead and not relevant if you only want to know the value of the drop-down.

I checked how EasyUI fetches that #mm name, and I could not find out how to get that name without the help of EasyUI. The jQuery behind getName:

getName:function(jq){
return $.data(jq[0],"searchbox").searchbox.find("input.textbox-value").attr("name");
}

Mind that the return of this function is not the value of the easyui-searchbox, but the name of the #mm drop-down that was used as the menu parameter of the easyui-searchbox. Somehow EasyUI must get that other value, therefore it must be possible.

If you do not want any plugin to be seen, make it as tiny as possible? Or find perhaps a plugin that does not need a form at all in the link above, I just did not take the time.

Answer 24

Use:

<select id="Ultra" onchange="alert(this.value)">
    <option value="0">Select</option>
    <option value="8">text1</option>
    <option value="5">text2</option>
    <option value="4">text3</option>
</select>

Any input/form field can use a “this” keyword when you are accessing it from inside the element. This eliminates the need for locating a form in the DOM tree and then locating this element inside the form.

Answer 25

In 2015, in Firefox, the following also works.

e.options.selectedIndex

Answer 26

Here's an easy way to do it in an onchange function:

event.target.options[event.target.selectedIndex].dataset.name

Answer 27

I have a bit different view of how to achieve this. I'm usually doing this with the following approach (it is an easier way and works with every browser as far as I know):

<select onChange="functionToCall(this.value);" id="ddlViewBy">
  <option value="value1">Text one</option>
  <option value="value2">Text two</option>
  <option value="value3">Text three</option>
  <option value="valueN">Text N</option>
</select>

Answer 28

Using jQuery:

$('select').val();

Answer 29

If you ever run across code written purely for Internet Explorer you might see this:

var e = document.getElementById("ddlViewBy");
var strUser = e.options(e.selectedIndex).value;

Running the above in Firefox et al will give you an 'is not a function' error, because Internet Explorer allows you to get away with using () instead of []:

var e = document.getElementById("ddlViewBy");
var strUser = e.options[e.selectedIndex].value;

The correct way is to use square brackets.

Answer 30

You should be using querySelector to achieve this. This also standardizes the way of getting a value from form elements.

var dropDownValue = document.querySelector('#ddlViewBy').value;

Fiddle: https://jsfiddle.net/3t80pubr/

Answer 31

var strUser = e.options[e.selectedIndex].value;

This is correct and should give you the value. Is it the text you're after?

var strUser = e.options[e.selectedIndex].text;

So you're clear on the terminology:

<select>
    <option value="hello">Hello World</option>
</select>

This option has:

• Index = 0
• Value = hello
• Text = Hello World